Does this hide the folder from Google?

Yes. The crawler receives 401 and indexes nothing, and pages already indexed drop out over time.

Can I give each person a different password?

You can create several users on the same folder, but they all get identical access and nothing records who opened what.

Does it protect the files from FTP or from the database?

No. It applies to web requests only.

I locked myself out. Now what?

Go back to the same screen in cPanel and either add a user or remove the protection. cPanel access is unaffected.

Is this the same as a maintenance page?

No. A maintenance page is for a site that is temporarily down and needs the right status code, which is covered in how do I show a maintenance page while I work on my site .

How do I password-protect a folder on my website? – Shared Hosting

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